So now we have these eight major systems within the theoretical
structure and if you go into the literature you will find quite a
number of people who have a systems point view in one way or another
– Gerald Heard in England
. . . Louis Mumford . . . John Paré in Canada. [Gerald Heard, The
Five Ages of Man: The Psychology of Human History, The Julian
Press, Inc, New York:
1963]
- Preindividual (Coconscious man)
- B-O {2}
-
Protoindividual (Heroic, self-assertive man)
- C-P {3}
- the midindividual (Ascetic, self-accusing man)
- D-Q {4}
- the total individual (Humanic, self-sufficient man)
- E-R {5}
- the postindividual (Leptoid man)
- F-S {6}
Louis Mumford –
(1) The Condition of Man, Harcourt, Brace & Co., New York,
1944, (2)
The Transformations of Man, Peter Smith, Torchbook
paperback, Gloucester, Mass, 1972 [1978], (3) There are over 23 books by Louis Mumford. [23 from 1922
through 1968]}
The differences in their theories is . . . that their systems
are truncated. Gerald Heard, for example, talks about what we would in
this theoretical framework refer to as the B-O, C-P, D-Q, E-R and F-S
systems but he doesn’t have the A-N or the G-T and H-U.
John Paré, in
Canada
, has the
systems approach but his systems are truncated. There is an awful lot
of information in the literature. I’m getting some of it together. I
hope to have a considerable amount of it in subsequent publications.
If you look down the columns to see what the different systems
are, I think that it is better at this point if we just work from here
on from what you’re interests are. I have been extending this point
of view into the field of learning, and Doug was on a program with me
last spring where I presented a paper, not published, on the learning
systems that are operant in each of these major systems.
{Levels
of Existence Related to Learning Systems, presented on March
31, 1971, at the ninth annual conference of the National Society for Programmed
Instruction, Rochester, New York}
You have the paper on values. I have published this in relation
to the management of organizations, and I have data on how each of the
people within each system structure for work and how one goes about
managing the behavior of the individual or on how one goes about
organizing for groups. This involves the motivational side of it in
terms of what motives are the dominate motives in each of the systems.
{These are four papers that Dr. Graves presented on this
topic.
(1) The Implications to Management of Systems Ethical Theory,
November 11,
1962
,
(2) Values Systems and their Relation to Managerial Controls
and Organizational Viability, February 3, 1965
(3) Motivation Wise Executive Are Reluctant Dragons,
March 25, 1969
(4) The Congruent Management Strategy, Clare W.
Graves, Helen T.
Madden, Lynn P. Madden, 1970.
- all these papers are available on the www.clarewgraves.com
website}
I have materials on the various psychological theories that do
exist and where they fall within the framework. These comparisons,
with other theories, helps to clarify the confusion. You can see where
the operant conditioning thinking is and where classical conditioning
theory falls. You can see where Adler falls. You can see where Jungian
theory falls. You can see where orthodox psychoanalytic thinking
falls. You can see where modern ego-psychoanalytic psychology
is. . . and you can begin to take the various theories of human
behavior and order
them within this framework.